General purpose cement, at plant {AU}| | AusLCI, U
Unit process Australia v00.00.001
Included processes: Includes the complete process to produce cement from clinker(raw material provision, raw material mixing, energy and plant use). Packaging is not included. Remark: The amount of raw materials is based on the Cement Industry Federation report. Geography: Cement plants in Australia Technology: The cement production is based on dry kiln technology in raw meal is heated in a kiln to form clinker. Cement is produced by grinding clinker with gypsum and limestone. Production volume: 8.6 MT in 2012-13 Record: Data entry by: Bharat Sharma Telephone: +61 394171190; E-mail: brett@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Data entry by: Bharat Sharma Telephone: +61 394171190; E-mail: brett@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU
- Sector
- Construction
- Contributor
- —
- Last updated
- 12 Oct 2026
- Reference ID
91450737-bc20-3755-9cd4-7d99da0ebc26
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Documentation
- Quantitative reference
- General purpose cement, at plant {AU}| | AusLCI, U
- Sampling procedure
- —
- Creation date
- 20 Mar 2015
- Is copyright protected
- No
- Is infrastructure process
- No
- Tags
- material
- Sources
-
Cement Industry Federation
Product outputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| General purpose cement, at plant {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 1.0 | kg | AUSTRALIA |
Technical inputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cement factory {GLO}| market for cement factory | Cut-off, U | 0.0000000000536 | Item(s) | (2,1,1,1,1,5); |
| Clinker, at plant {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.9 | kg | (2,1,1,1,1,5); |
| Electricity, low voltage {AU}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U | 0.03762 | kWh | (2,1,1,1,1,5); |
| Gypsum, mineral {RoW}| market for gypsum, mineral | Cut-off, U | 0.05 | kg | — |
| Limestone, crushed, for mill {RoW}| market for limestone, crushed, for mill | Cut-off, U | 0.05 | kg | — |
| Steel, low-alloyed {GLO}| market for steel, low-alloyed | Cut-off, U | 0.00004 | kg | (2,1,1,2,1,5); |
Elementary flow outputs
| Flow | Compartment | Sub-compartment | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat, waste | Emission to air | unspecified | 0.103 | MJ | (2,1,1,2,1,5); |
Parameters
| Name | Value | Formula | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| m_limestone | 0.05 | fr_limestone*1 | — |
| fr_gypsum | 0.05 | — | Assumed 5% gypsum. General purpose cement is a mix of clinker and gypsum with the optional addition of up to 5 per cent slag, fly ash and/or limestone. source: CIF |
| fr_limestone | 0.05 | — | Assumed 5% limestone. General purpose cement is a mix of clinker and gypsum with the optional addition of up to 5 per cent slag, fly ash and/or limestone. source: CIF |
| fr_clinker | 0.9 | — | Assumed 90% clinker. General purpose cement is a mix of clinker and gypsum with the optional addition of up to 5 per cent slag, fly ash and/or limestone. source: CIF |
| m_clinker | 0.9 | fr_clinker*1 | — |
| fr_electricity | 0.38 | — | (1,5,1,3,2,5); 38% of electrical energy is consumed in production of cement from clinker as per the study, A critical review on energy use and savings in the cement industry by Madlool and collegues. |
| m_gypsum | 0.05 | fr_gypsum*1 | — |
| ED_electricity | 0.03762 | ED_electricitycement*fr_electricity/1000 | — |
| ED_electricitycement | 99.0 | — | 99 kwh/t of electrical energy is used in making cement |