Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U

Unit process v00.00.000

This dataset represents the production of 1 kg of barley. The yield is 2627 t/ha. Documentation for this dataset can be found in the 'LCAgMetrics Methodology for developing Life Cycle Inventory' report, available at https://agrifutures.com.au/. (Hume, I., Renouf, M.A., Eady, S.J., Grant, T., 2025). It was developed as part of the LCAgMetrics project, a partnership between Agrifutures Australia and Lifecycles, funded by the Australian Government’s Sustainability Reporting Uplift Grant as part of the National Agriculture Traceability Grants Program. Production Volume: 684592 t/yr. Activities included: This activity starts after the harvest of the previous crop. Activities included are: the inputs of seeds, mineral fertilisers, pesticides and irrigation water, all machine operations and corresponding machine infrastructure and sheds. It is assumed that no organic fertilisers are applied. Machine operations are: soil cultivation, sowing, fertilisation, irrigation, weed control, pest and pathogen control, combine-harvest, and drying of grains. Direct field emissions are included. This activity ends after harvest and drying of grains at the farm gate. Energy values: 18.4MJ/kg (gross). Nutritional values: Protein: 12%. Carbohydrate: 61%. Fat: 2%. Geography: South Riverina and Wimmera, VIC, AU. Technology level: Represents current practices as per gross margins reports (AgMargins 2024 & SA Gross Margin Guide 2022). Time period: 2017-2021. Record: Data entry by: Isobel Hume; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; E-mail: office@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Data entry by: Isobel Hume; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; E-mail: office@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
—
Last updated
30 May 2025
Reference ID
8df8da05-beb2-3f61-b4c1-4aca12738004

Download this dataset Ask a question about this dataset

Downloads require a free account. You'll be asked to register or sign in.

Documentation

Quantitative reference
Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Secondray data compiled from publicly available resources. Validated by expert knowledge to represent typical representative practices and inputs.
Creation date
30 May 2025
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia/2014/CSIRO
Soil loss by water erosion in Australia/2016/ Teng, H. et.al.
NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025)/2024/Commonwealth of Australia
AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government
Environment Australia, 1999
Farm Business Planning Tools/2025/Tasmanian Government
Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Land Management and Farming in Australia, 2016-17/2018/ABS
Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator/2016/GRDC
SILO climate data/2024/Queensland Government
TraNSIT-Supply Chain Transport and Logistics Dashboard/2025/Australian Gov

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U 2570.0 kg Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.4 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.88 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. Heating value, gross: 18.4 MJ/kg
Barley straw, dryland, Riverina , biogenic C not balanced {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U 228.28400000000002 kg Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.4 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.91 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. Heating value, gross: 18.2 MJ/kg

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Carbon correction factor {AU}| | AusLCI, U -71.27832188235278 kg (2,3,3,1,1,na) - 1.05 Uncertainty. Carbon correction factor in kgCO2eq. Calculated to ensure the carbon balance is maintained after allocation. Source: Land Management and Farming in Australia, 2016-17/2018/ABS
Cultivating, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic cultivation. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for cultivating. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.08 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic fertilization. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.92 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs forfertilizing. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Glyphosate {RoW}| glyphosate production | Cut-off, U 0.648 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of glyphosate applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Grain collection, broadacre, in-field with tractor and bin, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.04 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic grain collection. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Grain collection, broadacre, in-field with tractor and bin, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.96 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for grain collection. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Harvesting, broadacre crop, combine less than 200kW, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.04 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic harvesting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Harvesting, broadacre crop, combine less than 200kW, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.96 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for harvesting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Hay baling, large square bales, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.02 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic hay baling into square bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Hay baling, large square bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.48 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for hay bailing into square bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.02 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic hay bailing. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.48 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for hay bailing into round bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Limestone, milled, loose {RoW}| market for limestone, milled, loose | Cut-off, U 40.232049777777775 kg (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of lime applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012
Liming, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.01 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic lime application. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Liming, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.24 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for liming. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Monoammonium phosphate {AU}| market for monoammonium phosphate | AusLCI, U 41.4 kg (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of MAP applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012
Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.008 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.08 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Azoxystrobin applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.025 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Florasulam applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.285 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of MCPA570 applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content greater than 20%, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.04 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic planting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content greater than 20%, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.96 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for planting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Prosulfocarb {RoW}| prosulfocarb production | Cut-off, U 2.0 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Prosulfocarb applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Pumping, irrigation, 70m total pumping head, 100% diesel {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 ML (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Energy used in irrigation.Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Soil nitrogen, Riverina {AU-VIC}| market for soil nitrogen | AusLCI, U 11.46 kg (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of UAN applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012
Spraying, aerial, broadacre crop {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.2 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic spraying of crop protection chemicals. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 4.8 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for spraying of crop protection chemicals. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Transport, truck, 3,5 to 16t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 35.13560995555556 t*km (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Total transport of inputs to region.
Travel spray boom irrigation system, production, per ha {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Irrigation infrastructure.Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Urea ammonium nitrate {AU}| market for urea ammonium nitrate | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of UAN applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012
Urea {AU}| market for urea | AusLCI, U 91.0 kg (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of urea applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 7669.628266666667 kg Atmospheric CO2 absorbed by the plant. Calculated.
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated land 1.0 ha*a Actual land used for the cropping
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated, fallow land 0.16999999999999993 ha*a Crop fallow as a part of crop rotation allocated across all crops in the rotation
Transformation, from annual crop, non-irrigated land 1.0 m2 No net land transformation assumed. Any net land transformations due to direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method, and consistent with carbon fluxes from dLUC
Transformation, to annual crop, non-irrigated land 1.0 m2 No net land transformation assumed. Any net land transformations due to direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method, and consistent with carbon fluxes from dLUC

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Ammonia Emission to airlow population density 6.14284 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Direct emissions from fertilizers. Ammonia emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen volatilized * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Antimony, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00011310906055679998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Arsenic, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000007376677862399998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Azoxystrobin Emissions to soilforestry 0.005328 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Azoxystrobin Emission to soilagricultural 0.073768 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Azoxystrobin Emission to airlow population density 0.0008 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Azoxystrobin Emissions to waterriver 0.0000984 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Butadiene Emission to airlow population density 0.014232649052159997 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Cadmium (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 0.00021523999999999998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal cadmium contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source:
Cadmium (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00015245134248959995 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon dioxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Annual soil carbon change. By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon dioxide, fossil Emission to airlow population density 15.931891711999997 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.08 Uncertainty.Direct emissions caused by the application of lime to soil to counteract acidification. (M lin applied to neautralise NAAR * lime EF form NIR 22) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon dioxide, fossil Emission to airlow population density 66.73333333333333 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Emissions from urea application. Reported as biogenic due to the ecoinvent background process used. Carbon applied with urea x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon dioxide, from soil or biomass stock Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg This flow intentionally set to zero. Carbon fluxes from direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method Source:
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CH4 emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 3609.18830272 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues - Residue which is not removed, and not burnt is assumed to degrade to biogenic carbon dioxide. Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon monoxide Emission to airlow population density 17.067607603199995 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon monoxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 21.774525051202563 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CO emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carfentrazone ethyl ester Emission to airlow population density 0.00008 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Carfentrazone-ethyl Emission to soilagricultural 0.007376799999999999 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Carfentrazone-ethyl Emissions to waterriver 0.00000984 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Carfentrazone-ethyl Emissions to soilforestry 0.0005328 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Chromium (VI) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00007637031198719998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Cobalt II Emission to airlow population density 0.000027047818828799992 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Copper, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000054095637657599984 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.010187771616000001 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Fertilizers leaching. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen available for leaching * fraction of nitrogen leaching * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Nitrous oxide production from mineralisation due to loss of soil carbon, NIR 2022 Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.25564097499999994 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Direct emissions from fertilizers. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.024183932129279995 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x nitrogen content above ground x N2O emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.028120507249999996 kg (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Indirect emissions from fertilizers. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen volatilized * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.18575200357119998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from residues above ground nitrogen yield x quantity of plant residue x dry matter content x carbon content x nitrogen content x (1-fraction of residues burnt - fraction of residues removed) x emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Florasulam Emissions to waterriver 0.00003075 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Florasulam Emissions to soilforestry 0.0016650000000000002 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Florasulam Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00025 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Florasulam Emission to soilagricultural 0.0230525 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Glyphosate Emission to soilagricultural 0.5975208 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Glyphosate Emissions to waterriver 0.00079704 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Glyphosate Emissions to soilforestry 0.0431568 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Glyphosate Emission to airlow population density 0.0064800000000000005 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Lead (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00012554816440319997 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Lead (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 0.00012925 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal lead contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source:
MCPA dimethylamine salt Emissions to soilforestry 0.018981 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
MCPA dimethylamine salt Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.0028499999999999997 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
MCPA dimethylamine salt Emissions to waterriver 0.00035055 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
MCPA dimethylamine salt Emission to soilagricultural 0.26279849999999993 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Manganese (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00030953118873599996 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Mercury (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 0.00000049135 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal mercury contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source:
Mercury (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00003211024481279999 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Methane emission from water storage for irrigation Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.5398571069337599 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CH4 emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds Emissions to airlow. pop. 1.2288330336522237 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x NMVOC emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nickel (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00004426006717439999 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nitrate Emission to waterriver 2.5823333396160004 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) Fertilizers leaching. Nitrous oxide emissions. Calculated as: Total mass of N applied x fraction of N available for leaching x fraction of N leaching from NIR x (1-N reemitted to air) x conversion factor.NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 0.6393120814079998 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 1.3973510698076157 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x nitrogen content above ground x NOx emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Particulates, < 10 um Emission to airlow population density 2.4588926207999995 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Phosphate Emission to watersurface water 0.011506256184149997 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus run-off to surface waters. 2.3 is used to convert P quantity to P2O5. Nemecek 2007 ecoinvent methodology.
Phosphate Emission to waterground water 0.0133827876 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus leaching to ground water 0.07kg P per ha.a as phosphate PO4. Ecoinvent report on agriculture.
Phosphorus Emission to waterriver 0.0121481657792352 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus emissions through erosion by water to surface waters. ecoinvent report on agriculture.
Prosulfocarb Emissions to soilagricultural 1.8441999999999998 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Prosulfocarb Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.02 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Prosulfocarb Emissions to soilforestry 0.1332 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Prosulfocarb Emissions to waterriver 0.00246 kg (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Selenium IV Emission to airlow population density 0.000012294463103999999 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Soil loss by erosion into water Emissions to water— 10149.60672 kg (1,3,3,1,1,na) - 1.05 Uncertainty. [kg ha-1 y-1] Average annual soil erosions to water. Based on revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)2016/Teng, H. et.al.
TOC, Total Organic Carbon Emissions to airlow. pop. 1.5910481663999996 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Zinc (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00020654698014719997 kg (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
hydrogen ions Emissions to soilagricultural 0.00000000000000011102230246251565 kg (4,3,1,1,1,na) - 1.22 Uncertainty. Acidity added due to the entire crop system. Crops addition, fertiliser addition, imported crop addition and addition from lime. Calculated as: sum of all acidity sources Source:

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
Surface 1.0 — [ha] -
EF_Manganese 0.00107 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
M_Urea_SOC -4.2687747035573125 Iff(Soil_C_loss<0;(soil_C_Loss/11)/0.46;0) When soil carbon increases there is a demand for additional nitrogen which is assumed to be supplied by urea.
AF_MAP0L 0.036 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of MAP with 0% leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
NLegume_frac 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional of N supplied via legume N from rotation with legume crops.
AF_UAN100L 0.036 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of UAN with 100 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
Nb_Harvesting_200kW 1.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number harvesting events, <200kW combine - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
FracOF_FW 0.00123 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited to fresh water - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI
DM_crop 0.88 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [kg dry weight/kg crop] Dry matter content of barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Biogenic_CO2sent_out_with_grain 3574.997210481861 (Carbon_Grain+Carbon_Straw)*All_Grain/100 [kgCO2eq] Biogenic carbon exported in barley - Calculated
Lime_CO2 15.931891711999997 M_lime*EFC_lime*lime_purity*(44/12) [kg CO2eq] Direct emissions from lime applied to soil - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025), volume 1, equation 3G_1
Hg_in_MAP 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
AF_MAP100L 0.072 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of urea with 0 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
N_in_UAN 0.32 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in UAN -
EFN_mineral 0.0041 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] emission factor for N emissions from mineralisations - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
EFburn_NOx 0.21 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for NOx - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nb_Aerial 1.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number aerial spraying events - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
Dam_EF 201.0 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[kg] Emission factor for methane emitted from dams (151 kg CH4/ha/year) multipled by the elemental to molecular conversion for methane (1.333) - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025)
All_Straw_En 8.328889984925961 (straw_DM*ed_straw)/(ed_Straw*straw_DM+grain_DM*ED_crop)*100 [%] Allocation to straw based on energy content - Calculated
Nb_Liming 0.25 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of liming events - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
Cd_in_UAN 0.175 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
Cd_in_Urea 0.5 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
Fremoved 0.07 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of the crop removed in the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
M_legumeN 11.46 11.46 [kg] Based on legume fraction in agroecological region 00.195 times total N fertiliser 58.8942449572088
Carbon_Grain 3317.013333333333 Grain_DM*CC_crop*44/12 [kgCO2] Biogenic carbon absorbed by grain - Calculated
Pb_in_MAP 3.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
M_Urea_tot 91.0 Iff(Inc_LegumeN=0;M_urea+M_legumeN/0.46;M_urea)+(M_urea_SOC*Soil_C_Change_switch) [kg] Total urea applied to field -Swith to inlcude or exclude legume N and also Switch to inlcude soil carbon increase and urea requirements for this.
Grain_DM 2261.6 m_grain*DM_Crop [kg] Total dry mass of grain - Calculated
MCPA570_appl 0.285 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of MCPA570 applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Nb_Planting_clay20 1.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of planting operations (soil clay content >20%) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
OTHERDATA 1.0 — OTHER DATA - -
CN_soil_ratio 10.0 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) Soil Carbon:Nitrogen ration - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025)
RUSLE 10.14960672 RUSLE_R*RUSLE_K*RUSLE_LS*RUSLE_P*RUSLE_C [t/ha/y] Average anual soil erosions to water. ) - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra etal 2016
RUSLE_P 1.0 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - P = Practice factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2019
PROS_appl 2.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Prosulfocarb applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
M_UAN — — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) applied, calculated using the Generic Yield and N Calculator - Baldock 2012
EF_Particulate_matter 8.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
EF_Antimony 0.000391 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
m_straw 228.28400000000002 yield*Res_crop*fremoved [kg] Total wet mass of straw - Calculated
EFN_residues 0.005 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] IPCC emission factor for N emissions from residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm 0.0029 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall <600mm - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Inc_LegumeN 1.0 — Set to 1 to account for legume N supply in the region. Included by default. Set to 0 to exclude the benefits of legume N in the region
EF_Nickel 0.000153 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
EF_Cadmium 0.000527 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
N_Mineralised -1.9636363636363638 Soil_C_loss*soil_NC_frac [Kg N] The amount of N released from SOC mineralisation - Calculated
Yield 2630.0 — (1,2,1,1,1,na) -[kg/ha] yield, calculated from five year average ('18 - '22) - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017-2022
Res_ab_crop 0.32 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kg/kg] Below ground/above ground residue ratio for barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
FracSoil 0.83 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited on agricultural soil on the field of application - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI
AZOX_appl 0.08 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Azoxystrobin applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Carbon_burning — Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_residue*Fburnt*CC_residue*Burn_efficiency*EFBurn_CO2*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue burnt - Calculated
P_in_soil 0.000275 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [kgP/tsoil] P content in soil in the AER of cropping - Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
Straw_DM 207.73844000000003 m_straw*DM_residue [kg] Total dry mass of straw - Calculated
EF_Carbon_monoxide 59.0 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
EF_Arsenic 0.0000255 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
EFC_lime 0.12 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[kgC /kg] Emission factor for lime - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025)
Allocation 1.0 — Allocation switch, 1 = Economic alocation (default for AusLCI), 2 = Energy allocation, 3 = Mass allocation, -
AF_Urea100L 0.036 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of urea with 100 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
Pb_in_UAN 0.0035 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
Hg_in_Urea 0.00085 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
RUSLE_R 1440.0 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1] R= Rainfail - runoff erosivity factor. - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2016
No_add_tillage 0.3204 Frac_No_till*0+Frac_Min_till*1+Frac_Multi_till*2 Additional tillage - Switch
P_in_MAP 0.22 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Phosphorus fraction in MAP - IFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010
Frac_Min_till 0.124 — (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area under no till practices - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018
Fresremaining 0.5 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction remaining at the time of burning for the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nb_collection 1.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number grain collection events, in field, tractor + bin - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
EFburn_CO 0.078 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
AF_Lime -0.02 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+] Acid factor of lime - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
EF_Butadieneb 0.0492 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Carbon_deg_before_burn 457.02456800000004 Yield*Res_crop*Fburnt*(1-Fresremaining)*DM_residue*CC_residue*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue set to be burnt by degraded before burn - Calculated
EF_N_Direct 0.0035375 EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm*fracRainb600mm+(1-fracRainb600mm)*EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied to non-irrigated crop, where percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = ##FRAC <600mm## - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016) climate data source from Queensland Government, 2023
NCag_residue 0.007 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgDM] Nitrogen content of above-ground barley crop residue - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Nb_Cultivating — — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of cultivations - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
EFburn_NMVOC 0.0091 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for NMVOC - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
EFburn_CH4 0.0035 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CH4 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Dam_area — — (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[ha] Surface area of farm dams for irrigation - ABARES land use classification, ausdams.org
P_crop 340.0 — (1,1,1,2,1,na) -[AUD] Australian dollars per tonne - CSIRO, 2025
AF_Urea0L — — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of MAP with 100% leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
Total_area 261000.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [ha] Total area - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017-2022
AshAlkalinity_Crop 0.18 — (4,3,1,1,1,na) - [kmol/t] Alkalinity of barley removed - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report.
CC_residue 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [KgC/kgDM] Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for barley straw - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Lime_purity 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional purity of limestone NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025).
M_MAP 41.4 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) applied - Baldock 2012
ED_Straw 18.2 — (1,1,3,3,2,na) -[MJ/kg DM ] energy density of barley straw - Feedipedia
EF_Zinc 0.000714 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Carbon_Absorb_Residue 4352.614933333333 (Yield*Res_crop*DM_residue*CC_residue)*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon dioxide absorbtion in residue production - Calculated
Methane_in_burn 1.4849782886399998 Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_crop*Burn_efficiency*Fburnt*CC_residue*EFburn_CH4*44/12 [kgCO2] Methane as CO2 for balance purposes - Calculated
Replace2ndGlyphosate — iff(No_add_tillage>1;No_add_tillage-1;0) Additional tillage - Switch
GLYP_appl 0.648 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of glyphosate applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Soil_C_loss -21.6 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [kgC/ha/a] Annual soil carbon change. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care - Zhongkui Liu (CSIRO, unpublished)
Seed_input 60.0 — (3,3,2,3,2,na) - [kg/ha] of seed -
NAAR_FERT 0.170263296 M_MAP*AF_MAP*N_In_MAP+M_Urea_Tot*AF_Urea*N_in_Urea+M_UAN*AF_UAN*N_in_UAN [kmolH+] Total mass of H+ applied through fertilizers. Calculated as: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x Acid factor per fertiliser) - Calculated
FLOR_appl 0.025 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Florasulam applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
C_in_urea 0.2 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - C content in urea -
CUrea 18.2 (M_Urea_Tot+(M_UAN*Urea_in_UAN))*C_in_Urea [kgC] Total mass of carbon applied through urea. Calculated as: mass of urea x carbon content in urea - Calculated
Carbon_balance 404.1648051302407 Carbon_Absorb_Crop+Carbon_Absorb_Residue-Carbon_burning-Carbon_not_burnt_in_burn_deg-Carbon_deg_before_burn-Carbon_Residue_remaining-Carbon_Grain-Carbon_Straw-Carbon_monoxide_in_burn-Methane_in_burn [kgCO2] Balance check of all biogenic carbons - Calculated
EF_Mercury 0.000111 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
NFERT 46.0 M_MAP*N_in_MAP+M_Urea_Tot*N_in_Urea+M_UAN*N_in_UAN [kg N] Total mass of N applied. Calculated as: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x nitrogen content) - Calculated
P_Straw 50.0 — (4,1,1,2,1,na) -[AUD] Australian dollars per tonne -
EF_Oxides_of_nitrogen 2.21 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Urea_in_UAN 0.326 — Fraction of urea ammonium nitrate which is urea. Used to account for Fossil CO2 embbedded in urea.
fracS_Cd 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil -
N_in_urea 0.46 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in urea -
FracWet 0.0534 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of area of AER where leaching occurs i.e. evapo-transpiration:rainfall ratio is <0.8 or >1. Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia - Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
CC_crop 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [KgC/kgDM] Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
EF_Selenium 0.0000425 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
fracS_Hg 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil -
Replace1stGlyphosate 0.3204 iff(No_add_tillage<1;No_add_tillage;1) Additional tillage - Switch
EF_Copper 0.000187 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Burn_efficiency 0.96 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default burning efficiency for residue from crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
FracOF_AgSoil 0.0921 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited on agricultural soil outside the field of application - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI
All_Mass 91.58728359649234 (grain_DM/(straw_DM+grain_DM))*100 [%] Mass allocation fraction for grain - Calculated
M_Urea 91.0 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of urea applied. This is the base amount of urea applied without accounting for N mineralisation that may occur with SOC change. - Baldock 2012
fracS_Pb 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil -
Frac_No_till 0.777 — (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area under low till practices - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018
Hg_in_UAN 0.000297 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
EF_Lead 0.000434 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
EFN_leachS 0.011 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] IPCC emission factor for N leaching and runoff from synthetic fertiliser - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
All_Grain 98.71057197229777 iff(Allocation=2; All_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Mass;All_Eco)) Allocation to wheat - Switch
Duration 1.17 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - [y] duration that one cycle of the crop uses the land, including fallow period. -
Carbon_Absorb_Crop 3317.013333333333 (((Yield-seed_input)*DM_crop*CC_crop))*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon dioxide absorbtion in grain net grain production (excluding seed input) - Calculated
ED_crop 18.4 — (1,1,3,3,2,na) -[MJ/kg DM ] Energy density of barley crop - Feedipedia
Supply_distance 200.0 — (4,3,1,3,1,na) - [km] average distance to supply farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, lime) -
FracN_GASF 0.11 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgN] IPCC default fraction of synthetic fertiliser N that volatilised as NH3- N and NOx-N - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
FracN_Leach 0.24 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgN] Default fraction of N lost through leaching and runoff - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
FracOF_NatSoil 0.0666 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited to natural soils - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI
AF_Urea 0.000461376 AF_Urea0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_Urea100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of urea taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated
Carbon_Straw 304.6830453333334 Straw_DM*CC_residue*44/12 [kgCO2] Biogenic carbon absorbed by straw - Calculated
CARF_appl 0.008 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Carbon_monoxide_in_burn 33.09380186111999 Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_crop*Burn_efficiency*Fburnt*CC_residue*EFburn_CO*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon monoxide as CO2 for balance purposes - Calculated
All_Eco 98.71057197229777 (m_grain*P_crop)/(P_Straw*m_straw+m_grain*P_crop)*100 [%] Economic allocation fraction for grain - default for AusLCI - Calculated
PbFERT 0.00012925 (M_MAP*Pb_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Pb_in_Urea+M_UAN*Pb_in_UAN)*1e-6 [kgPb] Total amount of Pb applied: mass of fertilizer x Pbcontent in fertilizer - Calculated
Nb_Haybaling_round 1.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of hay baling operations - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
NCbg_residue 0.01 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgDM] Nitrogen content of below-ground barley crop residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
AF_MAP 0.036461376 AF_MAP0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_MAP100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of MAP, taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated
DM_residue 0.91 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [kg dry weight/kg residue] Dry matter content of barley residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
All_En 91.67111001507404 (grain_DM*ED_crop/(straw_DM*ED_straw+grain_DM*ED_crop))*100 [%] Allocation to grain based on energy content - Calculated
DLUC_value — — (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [tCO2eq/ha/year] Annual direct CO2 emissions from land use change - Blonk 2016
soil_NC_frac 0.09090909090909091 1/(10+1) fraction of N to C in soil, based on a CN ratio of 1:10 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
NAAR_Crop 0.5539136 (AshAlkalinity_crop*m_grain+AshAlkalinity_straw*m_straw)/1000 [kgH+] Acidity added due to plant removal - Calculated
Biogenic_carbon_Allocation_adjust_grain -261.3538469019602 (Carbon_Grain-Biogenic_CO2sent_out_with_grain)/(All_Grain/100) [kgCO2] kg carbon correction factor for the determining product (barley) - Calculated
Nb_Spraying 5.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number spraying applications (pre & post-emergence) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
EFburn_N2O 0.0076 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for N2O - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
All_Straw 1.2894280277022219 iff(Allocation=2; All_straw_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_straw_Mass;All_straw_Eco)) Allocation to straw - Switch
EF_Cobalt 0.0000935 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
All_Straw_Mass 8.412716403507654 (straw_DM)/(straw_DM+grain_DM)*100 [%] Mass allocation fraction for straw - Calculated
RUSLE_K 0.0269 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1] K= Soil erodibility factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2017
Soil_C_Change_Switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. -
NAAR_Tot 0.724176896 NAAR_Crop + NAAR_Cropimport+NAAR_fert [kgH+] Total mass of H+ added due to the system - Net addition (-ve = subtraction) of H+ in kg - Calculated
EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm 0.008 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall >600mm - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
Carbon_not_burnt_in_burn_deg 18.280982720000015 Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_residue*(1-Burn_efficiency)*Fburnt*CC_residue*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon emission from fraction of carbon not burnt in the burn - Calculated
RUSLE_C 0.0397 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - C = Cover factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2020
Water_irr — — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - [ML] Volume of irrigation applied - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
CT_frac 0.04 — Fraction of the region managed with controlled traffic - CSIRO practice survey
N_in_MAP 0.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in MAP - IFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010
M_tot_supply 175.67804977777777 M_MAP+M_Urea_Tot+M_UAN+M_PestChem+M_Lime [kg] Total mass of products transported to the farm gate - Calculated
Fburnt 0.21 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of residues burnt for the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
FracAir 0.01 — (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI releaesd to air - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI
Cd_in_MAP 4.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
Res_crop 1.24 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kg crop residue/kg crop]] Residue/crop ratio for barley - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
All_Straw_Eco 1.2894280277022219 (m_straw*P_straw)/(P_Straw*m_straw+m_grain*P_crop)*100 [%] Economic allocation fraction for straw - default for AusLCI - Calculated
EF_TOC 5.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Frac_Multi_till 0.0982 — (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area with multiple tillage operations - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018
PFERT 9.108 M_MAP*P_in_MAP [kg P] Total mass of P applied. Calculated as: sum of (mass of phosphorus fertilizer x phosphorus content) - Calculated
NAAR_Cropimport — 0 [kgH+] kg H+ accounts and nitrogen irons imported with other biogenic material such as stubble or compost from outside the field - Calculated
Nb_Fertilizer 2.0 — (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of fertilizing operations (pre & post-emergence) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion
M_Lime 40.232049777777775 NAAR_Tot/(-AF_Lime*lime_purity) [kg] Mass of lime required to balance out acidity to soil from NAAR. Adjusted to account for the purity of limestone (90% of limestone is lime) - Calculated
HgFERT 0.00000049135 (M_MAP*Hg_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Hg_in_Urea+M_UAN*Hg_in_UAN)*1e-6 [kgHg] Total amount of Hg applied: mass of fertilizer x Hgcontent in fertilizer - Calculated
AshAlkalinity_Straw 0.4 — (4,3,1,1,1,na) - [kmol/t] Alkalinity of straw co-product removed - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report.
m_grain 2570.0 yield-Seed_input [kg] Total wet mass of grain - Calculated
EFburn_CO2 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO2 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025).
M_PestChem 3.0460000000000003 AZOX_appl+PROS_appl+CARF_appl+GLYP_appl+MCPA570_appl+FLOR_appl [g] Cumulative mass of all the pesticides applied on field. - Calculated
Carbon_Residue_remaining 3133.882752 Yield*Res_crop*((1-Fburnt-Fremoved))*DM_residue*CC_residue*44/12 [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue remaining - Calculated
RUSLE_LS 6.6 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - L = Slope length factor and S is slope steepness factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2018
DLUC_switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not include direct land use change. To include the value for direct land use change set the switch to 1. Direct land use change calculation approach is still uncertain -
EF_Chromium_VI 0.000264 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999
Pb_in_Urea 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008
AF_UAN0L — — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of UAN with 0 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016
FracRainb600mm 0.875 — (1,1,1,1,1,na) - Percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm - SILO, Queensland Government, 2024
AF_UAN 0.000461376 AF_UAN0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_UAN100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of UAN taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated
CdFERT 0.00021523999999999998 (M_MAP*Cd_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Cd_in_Urea+M_UAN*Cd_in_UAN)*1e-6 [kgCd] Total amount of Cd applied: mass of fertilizer x Cdcontent in fertilizer - Calculated